3th WCSET-2014 at Nepal

 

Civil Engineering / Environmental / Architecture / Planning Session:

Title:           Chemical Mineralogy of Supergene Ores in Banded Iron Formations from Northern and South-Central Nigeria
Authors:       Sahr Fillie
Abstract:     Geological and chemical data are presented for the Nigerian iron-formations and their supergene products. The iron formations consist of oxide and silicate facies and occur within phyllites and mica schist. Secondary minerals and phases formed by supergene alteration have replaced the pre-existing minerals (mainly amphibole, garnet, magnetite, hematite and Mn-ilmenite) of the iron formations. Quartz is unaffected. Among the geochemical characteristics that distinguish the iron formation from the secondary products is an enrichment of Mn, Fe, K, Ba, Co, Zn, Ni, V, Sr, Ca, Mg and P and a depletion of Al, Si and Cr in the alteration products. These enrichment and depletion of elements together with the H2O-content are responsible for example the higher reflectivity of crptomelane than psilomelane, and of late limonite veins than early limonite pseudomorphs. Enrichment and depletion of elements are also responsible for the different lithiophorite, todorokite, pyrolusite and Mn-Fe hydroxide types. The elements in the precursor minerals were leached due to dissolution and sometimes transported under reducing and less acidic conditions followed by precipitation of the newly formed minerals under oxidizing and/or alkaline conditions.

Keywords:     Iron formations, supergene products and chemical data
Pages:           329-339

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